Today there is number of operating system are
available, one of them is Linux Operating system. Linux operating system is a
freeware operating system. The one of the main advantage of linux operating
system is to secure user data from the hackers and unauthorized access. Linux
operating system has many features.
Today we discuss on linux features and its services
that it provide to user. Our main key
points of discussions are :-
1) What is Linux
2) Features of linux
3) List of linux operating system
4) Best linux operating system
5) 10 Most useful commands of linux
6) Linux is more secure than Window:-
7) Linux used for
1) What is
Linux:
Linux is an operating system used in desktops and
server. Linux is free and open source operating system which means user do not
have to pay money to download and install it. Here, open source means, linux
provide its code so one can make changes in this acoording to its need.
Linux
first released on 17th September 1991 by Linus Torvalds .
Firstly Linux is developed for personals computers
but now most of the platform use the linux operating system. Linux are also
used in Android operating system. Now, all general purpose operating system has
linux base. The leading operating system of server is linux and linux is also become
big iron of mainframe computers. The top 500 supercomputers use linux operating
system. Linux operating system is run on
embedded system and also many smart phones and tablets are use linux
derivatives.
Linux OS type:
Here, OS type means linux is which type of operating
system like time sharing, real time , layer etc.
Linux is come under the Layered Architecture
Operating System.
The architecture is consists of following layers:
- Hardware layer – It consists of all input output devices (RAM/ HDD/ CPU etc.).
- Kernel – It is a Core component of Operating System. It manages all basic input/output functions. It directly interacts with the hardware.
- Shell/GCC – It is an interface between the user & the kernel. It hides the complexity of the kernel’s functions from users. The function of it is take the user command and execute it.
- Application Software – It gives the functionality of utility programs.
- Users – Users are those who use it and interact with application software directly.
Important points about linux:
i. Linux Developer is Linus Torvalds.
ii. Linux first released on 17th September 1991. `
iii. Linux is freeware and open source software.
iv. Linux written or developed in primarily C and assembly language.
v. Linux operating family is Unix-like.
vi. Linux market target is personal computers, mainframe, embedded devices, server, mobile devices and super computer.
vii. Linux available in Multilanguage.
viii. Linux platform are ARM, Hexagon, SuperH etc.
ix. Linux kernel type is Monolithic (Linux kernel).
x. Linux license is GPL(General Public License).
From the above points, I think you briefly
understand what is linux. Let’s start to know about linux in detail like what
is the main features of linux, uses of it etc.
2) Features of linux:-
Linux operating system has many features like open
source, provide more security, free to download etc. Linux manages the system
resources or hardware. Linux acts as interface between the user and computer
system. Now most of the home users use
linux operating system because of it less cost. The popular brands of laptop
and personal computer give the linux operating system in-built. As linux is freeware software that is the one
of the main feature of it.
Some of the linux features and characteristics are
following:-
Multitasking : -
Linux provide the functionality of multitasking means more than one task
are runs simultaneously.
For example: Playing game, listen music and download
file, these all tasks are run simultaneously.
Open Source:- One of the main feature is open
source. Open source means the code of linux is freely available for the users
so one can modify it according to its needs.
Graphical user interface :- Linux also provide the
graphical interface like window. To make linux graphical interface one should
install some packages which provides the graphical interface as window.
Portability:- This is one of the main features of
linux . Here, portability means the linux operating system and its applications
can work on different hardware easily.
Multiuser :-
As its multitasking feature linux also provide the functionality of
multiuser which means more than one user can work on it through its linux
server.
Security:- Security is one of the main aspects of
linux. It provide great security than windows.
3) List of linux operating system
The type of linux operating system are also named as
distribution. There are numbers of linux distribution.
List of linux operating system type or its
distributer are following:
i.
Ubuntu
ii.
Kubuntu
iii.
Mint
iv.
Open SUSE
v.
Fedora
vi.
Centos
vii.
Debian etc
The detail of them is following:-
i) Ubuntu:-
It is
Debian-based and ships with GNOME as the default desktop environment. It is one of the most popular operating
system . As its updates are coming, its functionality is increase. The latest
version of ubuntu is designed for laptops, personal computers. If you want to switch your operating system
then ubuntu is one of the great choice. Ubuntu is come with wide range of
software which include open office, firefos and light weight games.
ii) Kubuntu:
Kubuntu is one of the popular derivatives of ubuntu
which uses the KDE environment. Its some functionality is same as ubuntu.
iii) Mint:-
Linux Mint is a powerful and easy to use operating
system. Mint is modern and easy to use linux distribution. It is based upon
ubuntu and it has many software managers. It is free of cost and open source
software and also it is safe.
iv) Open SUSE:- It include both default graphical
and command line interface. It provide several free and open source software.
v) Fedora:-
Fedora some operations are similar with ubuntu and
kubuntu. It is basically use for small or old pc because of it less system
requirements.
Vi) Centos:-
CentOS
i.e, Community Enterprise Operating System is a Linux based operating system.
CentOS is linux distribution i.e, derived from Red Hut Enterprise Linux (RHEL).
It is freeware software that means there is no cost for download it. It is
based on linux distribution so its OS family is Linux. CentOS founder is Lance
Davis.
Vii)Debian:-
Debian is one of the older Linux distribution. It
comes with the GNOME desktop environment. It is come with over 37,500 packages
and it is easy to use.
4) Best Linux operating system:-
Now, we have
brief idea about the linux distribution or type of linux operating system. So,
the question is come which Linux operating system is best to use. There is no
doubt that each and every type of linux operating system is best. So, we choose the linux operating system
according to ours need.
For example : If you want to try linux operating
system but your system is old or it is small then you should prefer Fedora operating system.
Basically, the selection of operating system is
depend upon following three questions:-
i.
How much computer skilled you have?
ii.
Which desktop interface you want is it
modern or standard?
iii.
Desktop or server?
4) 10 Most useful commands of linux:-
As we know, the linux operating system is command
base. So, it is important to get the knowledge of linux commands. Linux has
huge numbers of command. But today, we discuss only 10 commands that are useful
for beginners and also they are important or you can say basic commands of
linux operating system.
These commands are:
i.
ls
command :- ls stands for list. This command is use to get the list of the files
or directories in the system.
For
example:- ls
It
will show you all files of current directory.
ii.
man
command :- man stands for manual command. This command is use to get the
details of every commands.
For
example:- man ls
It
will show you the detail of ls command including its uses.
iii.
rm
command:- rm stands for remove. This command is use to remove the files from
the system.
For
example:- rm text1.txt
iv.
cd
command:- cd stands for change directory. This command is use to change
directory.
For
example:- cd home/khanna
This
will change the existing directory to home directory. It means now user work in
home directory.
v.
mkdir
command:- mkdir stands for make directory. This command is use to make
directory in system.
For
example:- mkdir directory1
This
will make directory of directory1 name.
vi.
rmdir command:- rmdir stands for remove
directory. This command is use to remove directory from system.
For
example:- rmdir directory1
It
will remove directory1 for system.
vii.
mv
command:- mv stands for move. This command is use to move the filesin another
folder or directory. And it deletes the original file after move it.
For
example:- mv sourcefile name target file
name
viii.
clear
command:- This command is use to clean the console screen or you can say clear
the screen.
For
example:- clear
It
will clear all your work(command that you run ) from console screen . It simply
clrear you screen.
ix.
touch
command:- touch command is use to make files.
For
example:- touch linux.txt
x.
locate
command:- locate command is use to find
the file in the database. It acts like search of windows operating system.
For
example: touch *bus*
It
will find or search all the files containing bus word.
The all above
commands are the basic commands to work with the linux.
6) Linux is more
secure than Window:-
There is a question
Why linux is more secure than windows operating system or What is linux
security? So, here we discuss about linux security.
Security is a main
aspect of every field either it is related to technical field or no technical
field. In technical field, the security of user sensitive data, prevent
unauthorized access, lost of data etc.
Linux provide the
security of all these factors. Linux is more secure than other operating system
in following ways:-
i.
Don’t
support .exe extension:-
As we all know, the viruses use the .exe
extension to harm the system but linux has the advantage that it does not
support the .exe extension. So, the chance of viruses in linux is much less.
ii.
Give less rights to user:- In linux operating
system, the user has low access to system. In other words , the linux user has
not all rights of administrative as windows user. It means if the virus is come
in window operating system and it gets all the rights of administrative then it
harm the system very much but if the viruse is come in linux, and the linux do
not give all rights that means viruse harm the computer less and the whole
system will remain safe.
iii.
Few users:-
Linux
has few users and it is one of the advantage of it in the manner of security.
As window has many user in the world so hackers hack the system that is world
wide used by many peoples. So there is less chance that the hackers will hack
your system. So, you can use linux operating system for your office work.
iv.
Large
number of developers:-
As
linux is community based operating system it means there are huge numbers of
developers and testers are work on linux code and if there is any error or
flaws occur in linux system. It is solve by the teams in few hours.
7)
Uses of Linux:-
Linux
has more features which make it more useful and popular among the user. Linux
is used different- different fields. Linux uses are following:-
i.
Host Websites:-
Today,
most of the websites used open source program to run and it named as Apache. Apache
is mostly run on linux. So, if you use web serving you indirectly use linux.
ii.
Help to
Automate your home devices:-
If
you want to use your home devices automatically or remotely then you can done it with the help of linux. You
just need knowledge of linux and a computer named Raspberry
Pi which is cheaper in price. You can control your home devices like air
conditioner, build digital fhoto frame
and more things
iii.
Use as
Database:-
Just
because of its secure and reliable system user can store large amount of data
in this.
iv.
Use in
Personal computer:-
As
linux popularity is increase, so many user install it on your system and use as
personal computer.
v.
Use in
Office:-
Because
of its security mechanism mostly offices or companies use linux to secure their
sensitive data.
In
the end, you clearly understand the linux operating system and also understand
why linux is more popular among user.
So, I
think without wasting more time and use insecure system use or install linux
operating system or one of it distribution.
In
this post, am try to cover all the aspects related to linux but still if you
have any topic related to linux and that is most important then please comments
me.
